Ovarian Cysts Dictionary

perimenopause: The transition period before menopause, marked by a decreased production of estrogen and progesterone, irregular menstrual periods and transitory psychological changes.

pituitary gland: A small gland at the base of the brain that secretes hormones and regulates other hormone-secreting glands. The pituitary gland also controls many body processes, including reproduction.

placenta: The organ that nourishes the developing fetus in the uterus.

polycystic ovaries (PCOS): A disorder in which the ovaries produce an excess amount of male hormones (androgens), resulting in irregular ovulation. PCOS is often associated with infertility.

postmenopausal: The time after menopause when menstruation has stopped.

progesterone: A female sex hormone that induces changes in the lining of the uterus that are essential for successful implantation of a fertilized egg.

progestin: A synthetic form of the female sex hormone progesterone (see above). Used as a contraceptive.